RPM
Contents
Creating RPM Spec File
Listing Build Requires
To list build dependencies:
$ rpmspec -q --buildrequires specs/pki-core.spec apache-commons-cli apache-commons-codec apache-commons-io apache-commons-lang apr-devel apr-util-devel cmake >= 2.8.9-1 ...
To list what packages provide a build dependency:
$ dnf repoquery --whatrequires <package>
To list what packages depend on <package> recursively:
$ dnf --enablerepo=fedora-source \ --enablerepo=updates \ --enablerepo=updates-testing-source \ repoquery --recursive --whatrequires <package>
Listing Requires
To list runtime dependencies:
$ rpm -q --requires pki-server /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh /usr/bin/python hostname java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless libselinux-python net-tools nuxwdog-client-java >= 1.0.1-11 openldap-clients openssl pki-base = 10.4.1-7.el7 pki-base-java = 10.4.1-7.el7 pki-tools = 10.4.1-7.el7 policycoreutils policycoreutils-python procps-ng python(abi) = 2.7 python-ldap python-lxml rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PartialHardlinkSets) <= 4.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 selinux-policy-targeted >= 3.13.1-152 shadow-utils systemd-units systemd-units systemd-units tomcat >= 7.0.69 tomcatjss >= 7.2.1-3 velocity rpmlib(PayloadIsXz) <= 5.2-1
To list package usages:
$ rpm -q --whatrequires pki-server dogtag-pki-10.6.1-3.fc27.noarch pki-ca-10.6.1-3.fc27.noarch pki-kra-10.6.1-3.fc27.noarch pki-ocsp-10.6.1-3.fc27.noarch pki-tks-10.6.1-3.fc27.noarch pki-tps-10.6.1-3.fc27.x86_64
To list packages recommending another package:
$ dnf repoquery --whatrecommends <package>
Listing Provides
To list capabilities provided by a package:
$ rpm -q --provides pki-server pki-deploy = 10.4.1-7.el7 pki-server = 10.4.1-7.el7 pki-setup = 10.4.1-7.el7 pki-silent = 10.4.1-7.el7
To list what packages provide a dependency:
$ rpm -q --whatprovides <dependency>
Building RPM
To download the sources:
$ spectool -g -S <spec file>
To build the RPM package:
$ rpmbuild -bb [--define "<name> <value>"] [--with <cond>] [--without <cond>] <spec file>
To rebuild a source RPM package:
$ rpmbuild --rebuild <source RPM>
Macro
To use the macro value defined in the command line:
%{?name}
To use a different value if the macro is defined:
%{?name:<new value>}
To use a default value if the macro is not defined:
%{!?name:<default value>}
Conditionals
To add --with <name> condition:
%bcond_with <name>
To add --without <name> condition:
%bcond_without <name>
To test the condition:
%if %{with <name>}
...
%endif
From /usr/lib/rpm/macros:
# Shorthand for %{defined with_...}
%with() %{expand:%%{?with_%{1}:1}%%{!?with_%{1}:0}}
%without() %{expand:%%{?with_%{1}:0}%%{!?with_%{1}:1}}
# Handle conditional builds. %bcond_with is for case when feature is
# default off and needs to be activated with --with ... command line
# switch. %bcond_without is for the dual case.
#
# %bcond_with foo defines symbol with_foo if --with foo was specified on
# command line.
# %bcond_without foo defines symbol with_foo if --without foo was *not*
# specified on command line.
# The bottom line: never use without_foo, _with_foo nor _without_foo, only
# with_foo. This way changing default set of bconds for given spec is just
# a matter of changing single line in it and syntax is more readable.
%bcond_with() %{expand:%%{?_with_%{1}:%%global with_%{1} 1}}
%bcond_without() %{expand:%%{!?_without_%{1}:%%global with_%{1} 1}}
See also:
- Conditional Builds
- /usr/lib/rpm/macros
Displaying Expanded Macros
To display available macros:
$ rpm --showrc
To display the value of a macro:
$ rpm --eval '%{dist}'
.fc28
To display the spec file with expanded macros:
$ rpmspec -P <spec file>
RPM Spec Validation
To validate a spec file:
$ rpmlint <spec file>
See also:
Extracting RPM File
$ rpm2cpio <file> | cpio -idmv
Creating RPM Repository
$ dnf install createrepo $ createrepo <path>
$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF [local] name=Local Repository baseurl=file://<path> enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 EOF
